by thickening light, as it were—enables it to be modulated to carry information as do radio waves. But because of its greater intensity, a single laser beam can carry as much information as all the combined radio and TV channels in the United States. Such beams are not within the range of vision, and may well have a military future as lethal agents. From the air at night, the seeming chaos of the urban area manifests itself as a delicate embroidery on a dark velvet ground. George Kepes has developed these aerial effects of the city at night as a new art form of “landscape by light through” rather than “light on.” His new electric landscapes have complete congruity with the TV image, which also exists by light through rather than by light on . The French painter André Girard began painting directly